three compartment apparatus  (Med Associates Inc)

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Copper deficiency impairs oligodendrocyte maturation and social behavior via mitophagy and mTOR suppression in ASD

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz3398

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Experimental time course for TETA treatment and analyses. See also fig. S3. Created in BioRender. Usui, N. (2026); https://BioRender.com/skxagr7 . ( B ) Representative heatmaps of social interaction and social novelty behaviors in the three-chamber social interaction test at 7 weeks old. E, empty; S1, stranger mouse one; S2, stranger mouse two; F, familiar mouse. ( C to F ) Quantifications of entry numbers, distance, and interaction time in social interaction (C and D) and social novelty (E and F) trials in CTL and TETA mice. ( G ) Quantification of the number of grooming events and times at 7 weeks old. ( H and I ) Representative images and quantification after a marble-burying test at 7 weeks old. ( J ) No difference in the weight at 7 weeks old. ( K ) Dot plots showing the enrichment of copper-relevant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in SFARI genes. Dots represent odds ratio (OR). Colors represent the –log 10 (FDR). See also fig. S3. ( L ) Venn diagram shows overlapped genes with highlighting syndromic SFARI genes. Data are represented as means (±SEM). Asterisks indicate * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.0001. Unpaired t test ( n = 10 to 15 per condition for three-chamber social interaction; n = 10 to 12 per condition for repetitive behaviors; n = 11 to 14 per condition for marble-burying tests; n = 14 to 17 per condition for body weight).

Article Snippet: Social interaction test consisted of three 5-min trials in the three-chamber apparatus (W600 by D400 by H220 mm, SC-03M, Muromachi Kikai Co. Ltd.).

Techniques:

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Copper deficiency impairs oligodendrocyte maturation and social behavior via mitophagy and mTOR suppression in ASD

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz3398

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Experimental time course for TETA treatment with or without MHY1485 and analyses at 7 weeks old. See also fig. S8. Created in BioRender. Usui, N. (2026); https://BioRender.com/5fo00xw . ( B ) Representative heatmaps of social interaction behaviors in the three-chamber social interaction test at 7 weeks old. ( C to H ) Quantifications of distance traveled around the cage (C, E, and G) and interaction time around the cage (D, F, and H) in CTL, TETA, and TETA with MHY1485 offspring mice, respectively. ( I and J ) Representative fluorescent images showing the MBP + myelinated cortical area (I), with quantifications in the PFC at 7 weeks old. ( K ) Correlation between social interaction and cortical myelination across mice. Data are represented as means (±SEM). Asterisks indicate * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001. Unpaired t test ( n = 8 to 21 per condition for three-chamber social interaction), one-way ANOVA with a Tukey’s multiple-comparison test ( n = 4 per condition for immunostaining), and Pearson’s r correlation coefficient ( n = 4 per condition for correlation between social interaction and cortical myelin level). Scale bars, 50 μm.

Article Snippet: Social interaction test consisted of three 5-min trials in the three-chamber apparatus (W600 by D400 by H220 mm, SC-03M, Muromachi Kikai Co. Ltd.).

Techniques: Comparison, Immunostaining